Iiar minimum safety criteria for a safe ammonia refrigeration system iiar bulletin no. Iiar minimum safety criteria for a safe ammonia refrigeration system. Refrigeration and freezing of foodtodays most significant application. Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook archive forums epa publishes alerts to increase awareness of possible hazards. Real expertise of piping lies with the contractor, said co.
Industrial refrigeration ammonia and co2 applications danfoss. Ammonia piping should conform to asme standard b31. Guidelines for avoiding component failure in industrial refrigeration systems caused by abnormal pressure or shock follow safety guidelines. In a 1986 incident in a packing plant slaughterhouse, a refrigeration line ruptured, releasing ammonia. Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook read online iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook recognizing the exaggeration ways to acquire this ebook iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook is additionally useful. Ashraes refrigeration handbook and daikin applieds experience with this type of equipment. Ammonia plant piping specification colonelsanders83 mechanical 21 feb 11 11. Iiar has two standards in publication, ansi iiar 21999, equipment, design, and installation of closedcircuit ammonia mechanical refrigerating systems and ansi iiar 32005, ammonia refrigeration valves. This information is presented to illustrate the general system features. To download the latest version of the literature please visit the danfoss website.
How to meet iiar standards for ammonia pipe marking. Complete document ammonia refrigeration piping handbook. Safety proceduresespecially for systems using ammonia. In addition to the abbreviation, the use of a temperature or a pressure commonly associated with a particular line may further assist the operator. If any conflicts arise between the services safety.
Special memberships include any individual who is retired from the ammonia refrigeration industry, a student that is involved with the ammonia refrigeration industry, code groups, insurance agencies, regulatory agencies or professionals working and living in article 5 or bric countries. It is an ebook for people who are involved in training and. Published by the international institute of ammonia. Iiar board of directors standards committee chairman iiar2. Pressures and temperatures inside evaporator piping will vary significantly from one phase of defrost to the next. This requirement is spelled out in iiar bulletin 109 section 5.
Oct 24, 2016 thats why the international institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar has published the ammonia refrigeration piping handbook, combining earlier published data with substantial input from contractor experts. The diagrams are not intended to present an exhaustive range of configurations u every industrial refrigeration system will have unique features and requirements. Ashrae standards encompass halocarbon and ammonia refrigeration systems. If you find this site has been helpful, a small donation would be most appreciated. Features resource data essential for the safe and efficient operation of any ammonia. The yellow tooth ugly sight does your tooth white, and you will be compelled to reflect women down with the stick you have got tired of paying attention shot by an opposite. Efficient ammonia refrigeration is also 310% more efficient to run than units that use cfcs. Liquid separator application handbook industrial refrigeration ammonia and co 2 applications.
Less expensive ammonia refrigerators require narrower piping, which is cheaper to make. The leading advocate for the safe, reliable and efficient use of ammonia and other natural refrigerants. Iiars ammonia refrigeration manual, section 5 and appendix 5. Eight workers were critically injured, suffering respiratory burns from ammonia inhalation, and 17 others were less severely hurt. Selection and system piping details relief valves, purgers, isolation valves, vessel designs, etc should follow industry guidelines as found in the iiar ammonia piping handbook iiar 2004. Main page of the international institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar. Ammonia refrigeration piping handbook this book is a guide to modern ammonia refrigeration piping, a comprehensive introduction to ammonia piping as it is practiced in the field. Dx ammonia piping handbook 4th edition background ammonia refrigeration systems have traditionally employed evaporators supplied with liquid by either gravity flooding with surge drums, or pumped overfeed either with mechanical pumps or discharge gasdriven vessels. Iiar bulletin 114 pdf revised iiar bulletin identification of ammonia piping. Iiar international institute of ammonia refrigeration.
Annual ammonia inspection mechanical integrity inspections. Real expertise of piping lies with the contractor, said co author m. Iiar members share their collective knowledge and experience on committees and task forces to produce consensus documents that address various aspects of the natural and industrial refrigeration industry. To download the latest version of the literature please visit the danfoss internet site. Laroche industries, 1987, aqua ammonia information manual, laroche. In addition, it also contains an appendix that presents reprints of technical papers on the subject of carbon dioxide refrigerants from previous iiar industrial refrigeration conferences. Have local representatives including the fire department, lepc, andor local cupa been contacted in advance of the decommissioning activities and provided a summary of the activities that will take place for those activities where there may be.
This book is a guide to modern ammonia refrigeration piping, a comprehensive introduction to ammonia piping as it is practiced in the field. In the authors opinion an engineering handbook must naturally include all infonnation. Apr 04, 2019 iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook archive forums epa publishes alerts to increase awareness of possible hazards. Iiar is a technical member organization with industry representation from all facets of the natural refrigeration community, including manufacturers, engineers, contractors, endusers, academics, scientists, trainers, and more. Explains how water can contaminate an ammonia refrigeration system, how this can be prevented, and how water can be removed. Iiar process safety management guidelines for ammonia. Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook pdf iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook. Pressures and temperatures inside evaporator piping will vary significantly from one phase of. Welcome to the manual for refrigeration servicing technicians. View abstract product details detail summary view all details.
Special memberships include any individual who is retired from the ammonia refrigeration industry, a student that is involved with the ammonia refrigeration industry, code groups, insurance agencies, regulatory agencies or professionals working and living in article 5. Although they should be pitched and trapped to accommodate the occasional presence of liquid, suction line pressure drop should be calculated to reflect dry operation. Since ammonia is environmentally benign, having zero gwp and zero odp characteristics, ammonia is emerging as one of the primary natural refrigerants of choice. Sep 21, 2019 iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook pdf ihs standards expert subscription, simplifies and expedites the process for finding and managing standards by giving you access to standards from over standards developing organizations iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook. Refer to the iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook iiar 2004 for proper sizing and. Manual for refrigeration servicing introduction technicians. Go iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook free the best key search iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook free. Standard for safe design of closedcircuit ammonia refrigeration systems chairman iiar task group charged with international mechanical code changes reta ncees ashrae refrigeration chair and board of governors education b. Iiar is currently the only organization writing performance standards for ammonia refrigeration systems. International institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar refers to ammonia systems exclusively. A piping system includes all ammonia refrigerant piping and fittings, hand valves, control valves and other devices that are inclusive to the refrigeration lines.
Application handbook industrial refrigeration ammonia and co2. A guide to modern refrigeration piping this book is a comprehensive introduction to. Additionally, follow the guidelines explained below. Unlike pumped ammonia systems, no wet suction lines are needed for dx ammonia.
Because copper and copperbearing materials are attacked by ammonia, they are not used in ammonia piping systems. Iiar refrigeration piping handbook3 iiar bulletin 116. This translates to lower electric bills and a facility that is more environmentally friendly. Pipe insulation is also considered part of the piping system. Ammonia is a natural refrigerant that has been used for many years in a variety of applications due to its high thermal efficiency. Ammonia refrigeration technology single stage compression with evaporators configured as directexpansion. Introduction to ammonia refrigeration systems ashrae.
Refrigeration systems using ammonia as the refrigerant shall comply with iiar 2, iiar 3, iiar 4 and iiar 5, and shall not be required to comply with this chapter. Have local representatives including the fire department, lepc, andor local cupa been contacted in advance of the decommissioning activities and provided a summary of the activities that will take place for those activities where there may be significant risk of an ammonia release. Piping handbook were on display in milwaukee this year. Annual ammonia inspection mechanical integrity inspections every facility with extremely hazardous chemicals, specifically ammonia, needs to perform a yearly mechanical integrity inspection. Ammonia markers have been developed to help contractors comply with ansi asme a. Bulletin 114 has for over 20 years focused on correct labeling of pipe and equipment in an industrial ammonia refrigeration system. Iiar is the worlds leading advocate for the safe, reliable and efficient use of ammonia and other natural refrigerants. Provides is a tutorial and reference book that represents the collective efforts of the most knowledgeable. Appendix a guidelines for preparation of ammonia refrigeration diagrams iiars ammonia refrigeration piping handbook is the ultimate guide to modern. To improve the safety of ammonia refrigeration piping and system components, the international institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar has a guideline for labeling them. Pipe supports, hangers, brackets or other piping accessories are not considered part of the piping system. Ammonia plant piping specification pipelines, piping and. From fundamentals of design to startup and operation as it applies to industrial applications, the all new co2 handbook is a must have technical resource for industrial refrigeration professionals worldwide.
Refrigerant velocities in vertical lines should be at least 1500 ftmin to ensure good oil return. Suggested safety and operating procedures when making ammonia refrigeration plant tieins iiar bulletin no. Good refrigeration piping design requires that the refrigeration lines be pitched in the direction of flow at approximately 12 inch per 10 feet or 1 inch per 20 feet. Provide adequate refrigerant flow to the evaporators, using practical refrigerant line sizes that limit pressure drop. Andy ammonia awards for the 2012 iiar industrial refrigeration. Provides is a tutorial and reference book that represents the collective efforts of. Nov 29, 2018 iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook. How to meet iiar standards for ammonia pipe marking graphic. Water contamination in ammonia refrigeration systems iiar bulletin no.
Chapters 1, 2, 6, and 7 are significantly revised to. Ufc 482610 10 july 2002 iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook. A properl y designed and installed refrigerant piping system should. The handbook is a complete onestop source of information on carbon dioxide refrigeration. Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook by storarhofe. Offering a rare compilation of thermodynamic data on the mostused industrial refrigerants, industrial refrigeration handbook is a onestop source of vital information and guidance for every practitioner in the field.
Provides is a tutorial and reference book that represents the collective efforts of the most knowledgeable specialists in the ammonia refrigeration industry. Ammonia refrigeration systems have traditionally employed evaporators supplied. International institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar refers to ammonia systems. International institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar page count. Covers the safe design, operation, and inspection of ammonia refrigeration systems. Iiar safe and efficient use of natural refrigerants. Ammonia refrigeration iiar ammonia refrigeration piping.
Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook iiar 2004 for proper sizing and arrangement of dry suction lines. Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping ammonia refrigeration. Handbook of mechanical refrigeration survivor library. Dec 02, 20 the primary article is titled the color conundrum iiar defines piping convention and announce to some changes that will be happening to bulletin 114 that will be rereleased in 2014. Download free ammonia refrigeration piping handbook pdf. This type of refrigeration unit will cost 1020% less than other models.